Romantic Constellations                     Episode 6 – Perseus’ Adventures

Time: 7:00 PM, Jan 11 Fri 2019                           Place: ESI Front Yard

 

1.       Perseus and Andromeda

(1)    Perseus

①   (                        ) and (                     ): King and Queen of Argos. Perseus’ grandparents

②   The (                       ) at Delphi said Acrisius will be killed by his own son.

③   Zeus visited (                     ) in the form of  a Golden shower.

④    (                    ) found Danaë and Perseus in a wooden chest and he took them to his brother the king of Seriphos island.,

⑤   The (                    ) are Stheno /ˈsθiːnoʊ/, Euryale /jʊəˈraɪəli/, and (                     )who were mortal, while her sisters were not. They turned those who see her to stone.

⑥   All the Greek triads such as the Gorgons, the Moirai/ˈmɔɪraɪ/, the Fates, the Graeae /ˈɡraɪiː/, but the (                        ) whose parents are Zeus and Eurynome/jʊəˈrɪnəmi/ are daughters of (                                                           )who were children of Gaia and Pontus.

⑦   Medusa was so beautiful that Poseidon raped her in Athena's temple. She got pregnant with(                       ), a winged horse, and(                      ), a giant who became the king of Iberia

⑧   The(                             ) were three sisters who shared one eye and one tooth among them. Deino (or Dino), Enyo, and Pemphredo (or Pephredo). Perseus snatched their eye and asked them to let him know where the (                                ) are in return for the ransom.

⑨   Hesperides/hɛˈspɛrɪdiːz/ were the nymphs of evening and golden light of sunsets, who were the "Daughters of the Evening" or "Nymphs of the West".   They were the guardians of Hera’s orchard where the single apple tree grew. It produced (                                     ) which had been the wedding gift from Gaia to Hera celebrating her marriage to Zeus.

 

 

Dictys, Chrysaor, Acrisius and Eurydice, Medusa, Phorcys/ˈfɔːrsɪs/ and Ceto/ˈsiːtoʊ/, Oracle, Danaë/ˈdæneɪ/, Golden Apples, Polydectes, Gorgons,  Charites/ˈkærɪtiːz/, Pegasus, Hesperides, Graeae /ˈɡraɪiː/,

 

 

(2)    Perseus’ weapons:  

①   A scythe sword from Zeus.

②   A glittering shield from Athena.

③   A magic bag to carry the beheaded Medusa’s head from Hesperides.

④   Winged sandals from Hermes.

⑤   The helmet of invisibility from Hades.

 

 

Kibisis, Harpē, The helm of Hades, Aegis, Talaria/təˈlerēə/,

(3)    Andromeda

①   Andromeda was a daughter of the Aethiopian king (                  ) and his wife Cassiopeia.

②   Cassiopeia boasted that Andromeda was more beautiful than the (                       ).

③   (                            ) was the eldest son of Pontus and Gaia. Father of the 50 Nereids and Nerites/ˈnɪrəti:z/, with whom Nereus lived in the Aegean Sea.

④   (                  ) was the sea monster that Poseidon sent to waste Aethiopeia. The constellation of it is called ‘the Whale’ these days.

⑤   (                  ) was a brother of Cepheus who claimed Andromeda for his wife.

⑥   When Perseus and Andromeda left Aethiopia, they left their son (                   ) to inherit Cepheus. Perses became the forefather of Persians.

⑦   Perseus did not return to Argos to dodge off his oracle of killing his grandfather, and he took the road to (                  ). There he took part in the javelin or discus throw and it accidently hit Acrisius and kill him to fulfill the oracle.

 

 

Nereus’/ˈnɪəriəs/, Phineus, Cepheus, Perses, Nereids, Cetus, Larissa,

 

 

 

2.       Orion the Hunter

①     Orion could walk on the water because he was the likely son of the sea-god Poseidon and Euryale, daughter of (                    ), King of Crete.

②     Orion walked on the water to the island of Chios/ˈkaɪ.ɒs/ where he got drunk and attacked (                       ), daughter of Oenopion/ɪˈnoʊpiən/. In vengeance, Oenopion blinded Orion and drove him away.

③     (                       ), the god of blacksmiths, told his servant, Cedalion, to take Orion to the uttermost East. Helios healed him and on their way back Orion carried Cedalion around on his shoulders.

④     Orion went to Crete where he hunted with the goddess (                    ) and her mother Leto, but he once threatened to kill every beast on Earth. Gaia startled and sent a giant (                     ) to kill Orion. Zeus raised him and his killer to the heavens on the request of Gaia.

⑥   (                               )included Calypso, Maia, Electra, Taygete, Alcyone, Sterope, Merope. They were the seven companions of Artemis and daughters of Atlas and Pleione, an Oceanids. They are They committed suicide on their brother (               ) the archer’s death by his intended prey, a wild boar. Other story says Orion pursued and Zeus transformed them firstly into doves then into stars. In the heavens Orion is still chasing the Pleiades.  

 

 

Scorpion, Merope/ˈmɛrəpiː/, Minos, Hyas, Artemis, Hephaestus, Pleiades/ˈplaɪ.ədiːz/,

 

3.       Taurus the Bull

(1)    Taurus is one of the constellations of the zodiac, which means it is somewhere near the (                    ). When the Sun marks its location during the vernal/spring/march (                      ).

(2)    An equinox is commonly regarded as the instant of time when the plane of (                                ) passes through the center of the Sun. So the night and day are about the same in length.

(3)    The Bull in Greek Mythology

①    Zeus in the form of the white bull to seduce (                       ).

②   The bull Poseidon sent as a sign of confirmation for Minos to be the righteous king. Later the bull laid waste Crete to be called the “(                          )” and Hercules captured it as his 7^th labour. Hercules shipped the bull to Eurystheus/jʊəˈrɪsθiəs/ king of Tyrins, but it broke loose and wandered into Marathon to be the “Marathonian Bull”.

③   The heifer that Zeus turned (             ) into to dodge the wrath of Hera.

 

 

ecliptic, Europa, Io, equinox, Earth's equator, Cretan Bull

 

 

 

4.       Hermes and the Lyre

①   The constellation (                         ) denotes the lyre/ˈlaɪə(r)/ of Orpheus which has been the 1^st lyre ever produced. One day the young Hermes asked a passing (                      ), where it was going and got no answer. He killed it to take its shell and made a lyre out of it. It gave beautiful sound. One day he was bored with his new musical instrument and thought it would be fun to drive Apollo’s oxen. Apollo found out Hermes took his oxen but he didn’t say so. Apollo went to Zeus to settle the dispute. Finally Hermes gave the oxen back to Apollo and gave the lyre for reconciliation. Apollo gave (                       ) in return and the care of his flocks. Zeus was happy at this sight and he gave Hermes a winged cap and sandals to make him a messenger god.

②   (                     ) was the son of Apollo and Calliope, the Muse. Apollo gave his son a lyre and taught him how to play.

③   Orpheus married (                      ). While fleeing from an attack by Aristaeus /ærɪˈstiːəs/(husband of Autonoë, daughter of Cadmus), she stepped on a snake that bit to kill her. To reclaim her, Orpheus entered the Underworld, where the music from his lyre charmed (                  ). He relented and let Orpheus bring Eurydice back, on the condition that he never once look back until outside. Unfortunately, near the very end, Orpheus faltered and looked back, causing Eurydice to be left in the Underworld forever. Orpheus spent the rest of his life strumming his lyre while wandering aimlessly through the land, rejecting all marriage offers from women until who, in retribution for Orpheus's rejection of marriage offers, ganged up and threw stones and spears to kill him. Zeus placed his lyre in the sky by Zeus.

 

 

 

 

Caduceus, Lyra/láiərə/, Hades, Eurydice, tortoise, Orpheus,

 

 

5.       Gemini/ˈdʒemɪnaɪ/ the Dioscuri/dàiəskjúərai/

Zeus disguised himself as a swan to seduce (                ), Spartan  king Tyndareus's wife, who gave birth to (                                                              ), Helen of Troy and Clytemnestra.

 

6.       (                        ) the Ram

④   Ixion/ɪkˈsaɪ.ən/, a king of the Lapiths/ˈlæpɪθs/ which was a legendary tribe of Thessaly, came across Hera and was stuck on her at a party Zeus threw. Zeus made an image of Hera out of clouds and Ixion related with it. (                       ) the cloud nymph got pregnant and later had (                                    ).

⑤   Later Nephele married to (                           ), a king of Boeotia Thessaly, and bore to him twins (                                       ). She got angry and deserted Athamas when he eloped with Ino. Boeotia got drought and Ino became furious to plot death for her stepchildren.

⑥   Theophane/θiəfein/ was a daughter of Bisaltes/biSAlteez/ in Thracian Macedonia. She was so beautiful that Poseidon wanted to have her. But he was encountered by so many beleaguers and he decided to move her to the island of Crinissa where he couldn’t even ditch them. He finally changed the maiden into a ewe/ju/ and himself a ram. He fathered the winged ram with the (                                    ) which Nephele sent for her children.

⑦   After arriving Colchis, Phrixus sacrificed the ram to Zeus and gave its fleece to the king (                                 ), who thanked Phrixus by planning an engagement to his daughter Chalciope. Aeëtes hung the fleece on an oak at a grove sacred to Ares, the god of war. He then put a sleepless dragon to guard for it.

 

7.       The Others

①    Leo the Lion

②   Auriga the Charioteer

 

 

Leda, Phrixus and Helle, Nephele, Castor and Pollux, Aeëtes /iːˈiːtiːz/, golden fleece, Centaurs, Aries/ˈɛriz/, Athamas,

 

 

 

 

* Ursa Major(Great Bear.